Migration Dates

Recent annual arrival & departure dates for spring and fall migration in Minnesota. These dates represent a median of arrival and departure dates for the years 1998 – 2022 assembled by Paul Budde.
Gray dates with (n) added indicates that the species has not been noted for that migration for more than 10 of the 25 years used to calculate the median. The number in the parenthesis is the number of year where it has beeen recorded.
Sort By Taxonomic Date
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Arrival Departure Arrival Departure
Bird Species south north south north north south north south
Whistling-Ducks, Geese, Swans, Ducks
Snow Goose3/53/166/106/19/69/1411/2312/14
Ross's Goose3/63/245/175/219/2310/1010/2612/5
Greater White-fronted Goose2/283/186/15/1910/49/2011/312/9
Cackling Goose2/273/175/165/209/109/1812/1712/19
Canada Goose *
Mute Swan *3/192/16 (3)5/19 (4)10/14 (5)11/9 (1)11/6 (6)
Trumpeter Swan *
Tundra Swan *3/43/175/75/2810/110/1111/3012/30
Wood Duck *3/1812/20
Blue-winged Teal *3/123/2910/3011/14
Cinnamon Teal4/159/8 (1)
Northern Shoveler *3/43/2211/1312/20
Gadwall *3/1511/23
American Wigeon *3/13/2511/2312/29
Mallard *
American Black Duck *5/208/16
Northern Pintail *2/273/1412/1812/19 (2)
Green-winged Teal *3/43/2511/2012/29 (4)
Canvasback *2/293/2612/412/28
Redhead *2/233/2112/1412/27 (8)
Ring-necked Duck *2/253/1512/1212/29 (3)
Greater Scaup3/33/285/196/39/2210/1612/171/2
Lesser Scaup *2/253/1212/181/5 (5)
Harlequin Duck4/12 (1)3/29 (5)3/24 (4)4/1910/1512/8 (8)12/20 (9)12/29 (4)
Surf Scoter5/45/75/75/249/2910/1711/1511/22
White-winged Scoter4/9 (8)5/15/15/2610/610/2812/1012/8
Black Scoter4/9 (7)5/74/15 (7)5/1810/510/2211/2311/28
Long-tailed Duck4/35/2810/1611/12
Bufflehead *3/53/226/19/712/25 (4)1/5 (5)
Common Goldeneye *5/1310/13
Barrow's Goldeneye3/53/2711/1911/23
Hooded Merganser *3/71/1 (5)
Common Merganser *5/2710/19
Red-breasted Merganser *3/43/305/2410/2612/16 (6)12/17 (5)
Ruddy Duck *3/43/3011/1912/20
Partridge, Pheasants, Grouse, Turkeys
Wild Turkey *
Ruffed Grouse *
Spruce Grouse *
Sharp-tailed Grouse *
Greater Prairie-Chicken *
Gray Partridge *
Ring-necked Pheasant *
Grebes
Pied-billed Grebe *3/73/2412/512/20
Horned Grebe *3/224/65/236/38/179/312/512/4
Red-necked Grebe *4/34/711/3011/16
Eared Grebe *4/104/1710/2010/24
Western Grebe *4/104/2011/911/18
Pigeons, Doves
Rock Pigeon *
Eurasian Collared-Dove *
White-winged Dove4/23 (9)5/95/13 (8)5/288/24 (5)11/23 (3)9/30 (6)12/4 (3)
Mourning Dove *
Cuckoos
Yellow-billed Cuckoo *5/125/228/299/22
Black-billed Cuckoo *5/95/169/199/16
Nightjars
Common Nighthawk *5/35/1210/210/11
Eastern Whip-poor-will *4/275/59/129/9
Swifts
Chimney Swift *4/215/19/1410/5
Hummingbirds
Ruby-throated Hummingbird *4/305/49/2810/13
Rails, Gallinules, Coots
Virginia Rail *4/134/299/1710/14
Sora *4/104/2310/610/17
Common Gallinule *5/85/29 (7)8/22 (8)9/24
American Coot *3/1912/18 (9)
Yellow Rail *4/275/79/20 (9)10/2
Cranes
Sandhill Crane *3/43/1311/1812/1
Stilts, Avocets
Black-necked Stilt *5/35/15 (6)5/219/26 (1)9/13 (2)9/8 (4)
American Avocet *4/134/295/24 (2)8/1 (7)9/1110/6
Plovers
Black-bellied Plover4/285/146/76/88/68/610/2611/5
American Golden-Plover4/54/286/76/28/148/210/2911/12
Killdeer *3/13/1510/2712/25
Semipalmated Plover4/185/56/86/117/177/1210/410/11
Piping Plover *4/275/175/158/18/28 (6)8/29 (9)
Sandpipers
Upland Sandpiper *4/265/38/148/28
Whimbrel5/195/165/266/48/277/28 (4)9/67/28 (3)
Hudsonian Godwit4/175/106/25/318/208/218/299/22
Marbled Godwit *4/134/138/228/30
Ruddy Turnstone5/105/146/16/58/68/19/259/4
Red Knot5/18 (8)5/225/20 (7)5/318/258/239/18/28
Stilt Sandpiper5/15/136/46/27/57/49/2610/20
Sanderling5/35/86/66/107/257/2410/1110/21
Dunlin4/124/306/86/129/28/2010/3111/9
Baird's Sandpiper4/34/236/76/47/127/810/811/1
Least Sandpiper4/85/26/86/86/286/2910/1410/27
White-rumped Sandpiper4/285/126/206/188/268/1810/1810/8
Buff-breasted Sandpiper5/18 (9)5/25 (2)5/195/29 (2)7/307/259/219/21
Pectoral Sandpiper3/284/136/116/97/57/310/3011/11
Semipalmated Sandpiper4/115/36/166/157/47/69/2610/17
Short-billed Dowitcher4/295/115/315/287/57/49/59/16
Long-billed Dowitcher4/175/45/195/198/188/1010/1910/27
American Woodcock *3/123/2411/311/6
Wilson's Snipe *3/3111/23
Spotted Sandpiper *4/194/2710/1710/18
Solitary Sandpiper *4/164/286/16/36/307/110/510/11
Lesser Yellowlegs3/284/46/86/76/246/2210/2411/5
Willet *4/204/285/296/27/257/138/218/27
Greater Yellowlegs3/234/26/66/26/276/2711/611/13
Wilson's Phalarope *4/214/279/49/21
Red-necked Phalarope5/105/166/56/47/267/209/2610/8
Jaegers
Parasitic Jaeger5/245/259/710/3
Gulls, Terns
Sabine's Gull
Bonaparte's Gull3/314/85/316/127/238/711/2511/29
Franklin's Gull *3/224/911/311/20
Ring-billed Gull *2/293/912/221/12
Herring Gull *3/11/15
Iceland Gull3/213/29 (6)4/135/1210/610/1112/271/4
Lesser Black-backed Gull3/254/234/245/159/1810/211/1812/13
Glaucous Gull3/264/4 (7)4/145/311/211/211/11 (3)1/3
Great Black-backed Gull3/22 (6)4/143/26 (7)5/1811/1011/29 (8)12/13 (9)12/18 (7)
Caspian Tern *4/234/295/31 (7)7/9 (5)9/249/29
Black Tern *5/15/89/79/16
Common Tern *4/275/46/28/16 (7)10/129/17
Forster's Tern *4/94/1810/1310/9
Loons
Red-throated Loon4/234/305/26/1210/111/1 (2)10/3011/2 (2)
Pacific Loon5/8 (4)5/195/17 (1)5/2810/310/2811/1311/4
Common Loon *3/233/2812/412/3
Cormorants
Double-crested Cormorant *3/133/2911/1812/19
Pelicans
American White Pelican *3/164/311/912/23
Bitterns, Herons, Egrets, Night-Herons
Least Bittern *5/85/178/219/10
American Bittern *4/134/1710/1110/23
Snowy Egret *4/225/109/49/30
Yellow-crowned Night Heron *5/56/13 (1)9/26 (3)8/22
Black-crowned Night Heron *4/24/1710/211/7
Green Heron *4/205/210/210/18
Great Egret *3/224/310/2011/12
Western Cattle-Egret *4/205/110/2510/20
Great Blue Heron *3/63/2011/2812/19 (2)
Ibises
White-faced Ibis *4/224/299/14 (9)10/16
New World Vultures
Turkey Vulture *3/73/2111/111/1
Osprey
Osprey *3/244/310/2311/5
Kites, Accipiters, Hawks, Eagles
Golden Eagle4/245/69/2610/12
Northern Harrier *3/9 (7)3/1012/131/2 (4)
Sharp-shinned Hawk *5/308/10
Cooper's Hawk *3/812/15
American Goshawk *4/1710/9
Bald Eagle *
Red-shouldered Hawk *3/1211/1
Broad-winged Hawk *4/64/1310/2210/16
Swainson's Hawk *4/54/179/2910/9
Red-tailed Hawk *
Rough-legged Hawk5/105/289/2610/4
Screech-Owls, Owls
Eastern Screech-Owl *
Great Horned Owl *
Snowy Owl4/24/2011/711/11
Northern Hawk Owl *3/2611/10
Barred Owl *
Great Gray Owl *4/26 (3)11/21 (1)
Long-eared Owl *3/2412/10
Short-eared Owl *
Boreal Owl *3/18 (3)12/7 (2)
Northern Saw-whet Owl *
Kingfishers
Belted Kingfisher *3/2312/25 (6)
Woodpeckers
Red-headed Woodpecker *
Red-bellied Woodpecker *
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker *3/254/211/1612/29 (3)
American Three-toed Woodpecker *
Black-backed Woodpecker *
Downy Woodpecker *
Hairy Woodpecker *
Northern Flicker *3/2412/20 (3)
Pileated Woodpecker *
Caracaras, Falcons
American Kestrel *3/812/1 (5)
Merlin *3/11 (8)5/18 (8)8/1612/14 (2)
Peregrine Falcon *3/11 (7)3/2211/3 (8)12/1 (3)
Prairie Falcon3/23 (7)4/15 (7)4/114/19 (8)8/199/79/1211/1
Flycatchers
Great Crested Flycatcher *4/305/79/209/23
Western Kingbird *5/65/119/79/6
Eastern Kingbird *4/265/89/189/26
Olive-sided Flycatcher *5/75/136/128/29/129/24
Eastern Wood-Pewee *5/65/119/2210/3
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher *5/135/206/58/139/39/16
Acadian Flycatcher *5/158/20
Alder Flycatcher *5/165/218/269/4
Willow Flycatcher *5/115/27 (9)8/178/29
Least Flycatcher *5/15/99/209/28
Eastern Phoebe *3/213/3010/2111/3
Say's Phoebe *5/25/810/4 (8)9/3
Vireos
White-eyed Vireo *5/95/24 (3)5/24 (9)10/25 (5)10/30 (3)11/5 (8)
Bell's Vireo *5/158/31
Yellow-throated Vireo *5/25/89/2010/6
Blue-headed Vireo *4/285/15/318/2010/1110/20
Philadelphia Vireo *5/65/146/18/159/2710/5
Warbling Vireo *5/15/89/189/27
Red-eyed Vireo *5/55/910/910/9
Shrikes
Loggerhead Shrike *3/264/238/228/29
Northern Shrike4/124/2010/910/12
Jays, Nutcrackers, Magpies, Crows
Canada Jay *
Blue Jay *
Black-billed Magpie *4/2 (3)5/5 (3)12/17 (1)12/17 (1)
American Crow *
Common Raven *5/19 (7)8/30 (6)
Chickadees, Titmice
Black-capped Chickadee *
Boreal Chickadee *
Tufted Titmouse *
Larks
Horned Lark *1/15 (3)11/17 (4)
Martins, Swallows
Bank Swallow *4/164/289/79/23
Tree Swallow *3/194/210/410/22
Northern Rough-winged Swallow *4/114/229/310/1
Purple Martin *4/54/119/79/15
Barn Swallow *4/64/1710/1210/24
Cliff Swallow *4/164/249/209/30
Kinglets
Ruby-crowned Kinglet *3/274/35/288/2311/411/22
Golden-crowned Kinglet *3/275/139/1612/10 (8)
Waxwings
Bohemian Waxwing3/74/219/2811/18
Cedar Waxwing *
Nuthatches
Red-breasted Nuthatch *
White-breasted Nuthatch *
Creepers
Brown Creeper *5/168/26
Gnatcatchers
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher *4/195/49/89/24
Wrens
Carolina Wren *5/13 (2)12/9 (6)
Northern House Wren *4/164/2910/810/18
Winter Wren *3/254/65/178/3010/2312/18
Sedge Wren *4/255/110/1310/15
Marsh Wren *4/225/410/1811/2
Thrashers, Mockingbirds
Gray Catbird *4/225/111/411/21
Brown Thrasher *4/74/2011/2012/26
Northern Mockingbird *4/235/511/1410/14
Starlings
European Starling *
Thrushes
Eastern Bluebird *2/293/1611/301/20 (4)
Townsend's Solitaire4/44/1610/1010/7
Veery *5/25/79/149/20
Gray-cheeked Thrush5/25/75/275/288/299/110/710/8
Swainson's Thrush *4/265/26/28/1110/1810/19
Hermit Thrush *3/284/45/229/1111/312/22 (7)
Wood Thrush *5/15/89/1510/1
American Robin *
Varied Thrush3/93/2311/1211/7
Old World Sparrows
House Sparrow *
Eurasian Tree Sparrow
Pipits
American Pipit3/274/235/215/259/49/811/1111/14
Finches
Evening Grosbeak *2/10 (8)11/26
Pine Grosbeak3/10 (7)3/3110/1811/24
House Finch *
Purple Finch *5/228/26
Redpoll4/95/410/1611/1
Red Crossbill *5/1210/31
White-winged Crossbill *4/114/11 (9)9/2611/14
Pine Siskin *
American Goldfinch *
Longspurs and Snow Buntings
Lapland Longspur3/95/85/209/139/2312/14 (3)
Smith's Longspur4/164/28 (9)5/35/119/2910/1010/2010/23
Snow Bunting4/115/310/910/18
Towhees, Sparrows
Grasshopper Sparrow *4/225/29/1410/2
Lark Sparrow *4/185/29/99/21
Chipping Sparrow *3/224/711/1111/25
Clay-colored Sparrow *4/204/2410/1910/18
Field Sparrow *3/314/1510/1810/27
Fox Sparrow3/103/285/65/169/189/2012/1812/31
American Tree Sparrow5/85/129/259/29
Dark-eyed Junco *5/249/9
White-crowned Sparrow4/204/255/225/279/89/1512/1712/20
Harris's Sparrow3/314/285/255/259/169/2112/1912/26 (6)
White-throated Sparrow *4/125/288/2612/30 (5)
Vesper Sparrow *3/284/1210/2110/28
LeConte's Sparrow *4/215/110/1510/20
Nelson's Sparrow *5/135/2110/610/9
Henslow's Sparrow *4/245/308/38/26
Savannah Sparrow *3/304/1411/611/12
Song Sparrow *3/2512/18
Lincoln's Sparrow *4/74/205/268/2911/111/11
Swamp Sparrow *4/1311/2
Spotted Towhee4/305/8 (9)5/95/11 (6)10/1310/310/1410/17
Eastern Towhee *4/105/110/711/8
Yellow-breasted Chat
Yellow-breasted Chat *5/235/20 (4)9/26 (3)8/3
Blackbirds, Orioles
Yellow-headed Blackbird *3/244/910/211/18
Bobolink *5/25/69/3010/5
Eastern Meadowlark *3/153/2310/2110/29
Western Meadowlark *3/133/1611/711/15
Orchard Oriole *5/45/128/228/27
Baltimore Oriole *4/285/39/2010/25
Red-winged Blackbird *3/91/1 (5)
Brown-headed Cowbird *3/84/210/221/3 (4)
Rusty Blackbird *3/235/55/179/129/2112/16
Brewer's Blackbird *3/184/211/811/16
Common Grackle *
Great-tailed Grackle *4/810/17
Warblers
Ovenbird *4/275/210/110/21
Louisiana Waterthrush *4/165/10 (7)7/10 (1)8/21
Northern Waterthrush *4/235/15/318/99/2810/6
Golden-winged Warbler *5/35/85/288/12 (9)9/149/25
Blue-winged Warbler *5/25/168/19 (9)9/18
Black-and-white Warbler *4/224/3010/410/6
Prothonotary Warbler *5/45/178/30 (1)9/2
Tennessee Warbler *4/285/76/77/2010/1610/23
Orange-crowned Warbler4/194/235/255/289/29/110/2911/1
Nashville Warbler *4/245/26/17/2810/2410/28
Connecticut Warbler *5/115/175/308/239/179/21
Mourning Warbler *5/85/146/10 (9)8/169/159/27
Common Yellowthroat *4/295/610/1510/31
Hooded Warbler *5/75/249/13 (3)9/8
American Redstart *5/25/610/1110/10
Cape May Warbler *5/55/85/258/2010/69/30
Cerulean Warbler *5/55/218/26 (2)9/2
Northern Parula *4/305/55/288/1410/410/4
Magnolia Warbler *5/55/76/28/1510/410/8
Bay-breasted Warbler *5/65/125/268/1810/110/5
Blackburnian Warbler *5/25/76/18/79/239/25
Yellow Warbler *4/245/39/289/29
Chestnut-sided Warbler *5/35/76/58/12 (6)10/110/3
Blackpoll Warbler5/45/86/16/48/218/2210/410/2
Black-throated Blue Warbler *5/105/145/258/269/2710/12
Palm Warbler *4/184/235/248/2810/3010/26
Pine Warbler *4/164/219/3010/3
Yellow-rumped Warbler *4/25/308/1911/14
Yellow-throated Warbler *5/45/17 (4)10/26 (4)8/22 (5)
Black-throated Green Warbler *4/295/45/298/189/3010/11
Canada Warbler *5/75/136/18/129/179/25
Wilson's Warbler *5/35/95/306/15 (9)8/178/159/2210/1
Tanagers, Cardinals, Grosbeaks
Summer Tanager *5/35/106/95/2410/2510/1611/311/21
Scarlet Tanager *5/45/109/2510/5
Western Tanager5/35/15/135/178/19 (2)9/17 (3)8/19 (2)9/17 (1)
Northern Cardinal *
Rose-breasted Grosbeak *4/275/210/811/3
Blue Grosbeak *5/195/14 (5)7/22 (3)8/26
Indigo Bunting *5/15/109/2910/10
Dickcissel *5/95/298/279/12